At the time, a portrait’s success was judged primarily by how accurately it captured facial features and clothing. But the most enduring portraits conveyed a sense of mood or emotion in the sitter. By these standards, Rembrandt mastered this skill—Joris de Caulerij’s portrait is no exception.

Shown in three-quarter length, the subject engages the viewer with a straightforward gaze, exuding confidence and strength—reinforcing his stature as a naval military officer. The positioning of his arms creates a strong diagonal along an axis of depth, further enhancing the composition’s dynamism. Light radiates from behind the subject while also casting onto his face from the left, amplifying the three-dimensional effect.

This primary light draws attention to two key features: the man’s face and his military garb. The elaborate detailing on the sash emphasizes de Caulerij’s rank, while Rembrandt took particular care in painting the neck piece, layering thick paint to achieve a rich texture.

At first glance, this portrait appears to be solely a depiction of Joris de Caulerij—but upon closer examination, a shadowy form emerges. High and rounded on the left, rectilinear on the lower right, its silhouette strongly suggests Rembrandt himself at his easel. Perhaps, early in his career, Rembrandt sensed a kindred strength in the young officer—an unspoken connection that led him to place his own shadow within the composition.

Rembrandt signed the work on the back, yet he leaves his mark across the front of the picture.